Richelsons The Wizards of Langley Inside the CIAs Directorate of Science and Technology. Book Review

Richelson offers a genuine record of the turn of events and development of directorate of science and innovation at the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). CIA began its work in reports’ division before turning into an office of logical intelligence.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on Richelson’s The Wizards of Langley: Inside the CIA’s Directorate of Science and Technology. Book Review explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The office received science and innovation as a component of stealthy reconnaissance in its occasions in 1968. Probably the most critical offices gained by the office incorporated the Corona photographic surveillance satellite and U-2 plane (Richelson 54). These projects confronted a lot of analysis from the outset. In any case, the knowledge innovation through utilization of satellites at last got the hearts of authorities in 1960 and later in 1980’s, after they understood that the projects didn't leave any space for powerlessness. A portion of these authorities of CIA were Allen Dulles who was the chief and Eisenhower, the President. These two authorities transformed into firm supporters of the projects after they discovered that no hole for arranged besieging won as the U-2 missions uncovered. The arrangements of the office went on well until it destroyed Bay Pigs in 1961. This irritated the then U.S. president John Kennedy and what followed was the terminating of Bissell who was a pioneer in the group that coordinated the assault. Bissel had additionally assumed a key job in creating satellite and flying study mediums to watch out for the Soviet strategic test. Following the Cuban disaster, Wheelon turned into the directorate of the knowledge programs. Land and Killian selected him when they understood that Kennedy needed to avoid the CIA. Their contention was that the projects were excessively complex for military supervisors and that it was important to consolidate science an d innovation in a new CIA directorate. Following arrangement, Wheelon supported development of a five star logical lab, which executed propelled research in knowledge, medication and military.Advertising Looking for exposition on history? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The agency’s researchers likewise concocted frameworks for estimating the degree of action in Soviet nuclear spots just as a technique for distinguishing bosom tumor. Different frameworks created by CIA researchers included recovery machines just as frameworks for deciphering dialects. These researchers likewise made frameworks for distinguishing phantom airplanes just as human countenances. Creation of contraption that could recognize people’s faces was a superb guard technique in battling fear mongering. Afterward, CIA specialists guided the killings of Fidel Castro and Lumumba. CIA professionals made pills with poison just as peculiar homicide arms, which they used to kill the two saints. The organization gave the pills to mafia who plotted the slaughtering of Fidel. CIA proceeded with creating drugs at science and innovation directorate until when the media revealed this arrangement. Afterward, a military man who was liable for tranquilize creation at the organization ended it all. Richelson gives a record of how the organization utilized science and innovation for observation through tradecraft. The organization made device that could veil voices and change their real looks. Another plan included wiring a listening gadget to a feline with the goal that it could record transmitted data from various zones. In any case, this plan fizzled after a vehicle hit it hard in Paris. As clarified by Richelson, achievements of science and innovation directorate were uncommon, since their specialized gathering was effective. Strategy producers utilized data from observation to make guidelines about demobilization. The directorate gua ranteed that all arms offered to the Soviet Union experienced examination by the CIA.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on Richelson’s The Wizards of Langley: Inside the CIA’s Directorate of Science and Technology. Book Review explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The knowledge gathered by CIA helped with winning numerous battles. For example, the organization offered satellite insight to President Nixon and he prevailing with regards to marking an agreement relating arms control against the desire of the military. The organization additionally prompted the marking of ABM arrangement in the wake of convincing pundits that the Soviet-surface-air rocket mechanical assembly was not quite the same as a ballistic missile destroying device. Richelson portrays the CIA as a super organization. Be that as it may, anybody will ask why the organization didn't anticipate the breakdown of the Soviet Union. The politicization that happened during the rule of Casey and Gates tends to this inquiry. The pioneers controlled estimations of CIA on Soviet civilian army capacity to legitimize the immense spending in U.S. guard power. For example, the sum that Gates professed to have spent on protection program contrasted from photography results. Subsequently, the CA neglected to consider the data gathered by photography and this shows the CIA sold out its job as an operator among strategy and knowledge. Something else that Richelson neglects to consider is the fall of science and innovation at the CIA, after the directorates of insight neglected to understand the estimation of logical uncovering. During the rule of Casey and William Colby, pundits assaulted the directorate prompting its fall. Richelson, be that as it may, doesn't specify or think about this event in his work. Extreme disappointment followed the decay of the agency’s science and innovation directorates. For example, both Chinese government office and Sudan experi enced shelling in 1998 and 1999, individually. The atomic program in India additionally needed oversight. Likewise, CIA directorate clarifies that the organization couldn't support the test limitation settlement and this made Clinton‘s government to lose senate endorsement.Advertising Searching for exposition on history? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More By and by, the CIA can't remain progressed in the field of correspondence knowledge because of control by military. Psychological oppressors have propelled frameworks of correspondences, which they use to send quick messages and this sabotages the insight when gathering data. This inadequacy along with the ineptitude of the insight networks with regards to breaking down completely gathered information prompted the disappointment of CA to anticipate the assaults arranged against America in 2001. The way that the senate select board of trustees on knowledge has overlooked to gauge reasons that prompted the fall of science and innovation directorate is very miserable. The senate select board of trustees directs the CIA and hence, it ought to have examined the purpose for the fall just as the impact of this fall on the logical side of the insight society. The instances of Land, Killian and Wheelon should go about as reference point to the advisory group on the best way to apply science o n insight. Plus, the council ought to examine the conduct of chiefs who made first exploration to end clearing path for logical application. Taking everything into account, Richelson portrays different accomplishments of the CIA. The organization is the base of most achievements of insight innovation. The absolute most significant offices gained by the organization incorporate the Corona photographic surveillance satellite and U-2 plane. Utilization of specialized frameworks like satellites and observation airplane has helped with looking out for arms control and this has settled numerous debates among atomic forces. CIA has likewise prompted numerous logical advances particularly in the clinical field. Along these lines, we can't disregard the commitments of CIA to present day knowledge innovation. Works Cited Richelson, Jeffrey. The Wizards of Langley: Inside the CIA’s Directorate of Science and Technology. Stone, MD: West view Press, 2002. Print. This paper on Richelson’s The Wizards of Langley: Inside the CIA’s Directorate of Science and Technology. Book Review was composed and put together by client Gunner Parsons to help you with your own investigations. You are allowed to utilize it for examination and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; be that as it may, you should refer to it in like manner. You can give your paper here.

Gender Bias in Education Essay

â€Å"Sitting in a similar study hall, perusing a similar course book, tuning in to a similar instructor, young men and young ladies get altogether different educations.† (Sadker, 1994) actually, after entering school, young ladies perform equivalent to or superior to young men on almost every proportion of accomplishment, however when they graduate secondary school or school, they have fallen behind. (Sadker, 1994) Notwithstanding, errors between the presentation of young ladies and the exhibition of young men in rudimentary instruction drives a few pundits to contend that young men are being ignored inside the training framework: Across the nation, young men experience never been in more difficulty: They acquire 70 percent of the D’s and F’s that educators give out. They make up 66% of understudies marked â€Å"learning disabled.† They are the guilty parties in an astounding 9 of 10 liquor and medication infringement and the associated culprits in 4 out with 5 wrongdoings that end up in adolescent court. They represent 80 percent of secondary school dropouts and a lack of ability to concentrate consistently scatter analyze. (Mulrine, 2001) This presentation error is remarkable all through Canada. In Ontario, Education Minister Janet Ecker said that the aftereffects of the normalized grade 3 and grade 6 testing in math and perusing appeared, â€Å"†¦persistent and glaring errors in accomplishments and perspectives among young men and girls.† (O’Neill, 2000) In British Columbia, state administered testing demonstrates that young ladies outflank young men at all degrees of perusing and composing and in Alberta testing shows that young ladies, â€Å"†¦significantly beat young men on perusing and composing tests, while practically coordinating them in math and science.† (O’Neill, 2000) However, the American Association of University Women distributed a report in 1992 showing that females get less consideration from instructors and the consideration that female understudies do get is regularly more negative than consideration got by young men. (Bailey, 1992) Actually, assessment of the socialization of sex inside schools and proof of a sexual orientation one-sided concealed educational program exhibits that young ladies are duped in the homeroom. Besides, there is critical exploration demonstrating steps that can be taken to limit or dispose of the sexual orientation inclination right now present in our training framework. The socialization of sex inside our schools guarantees that young ladies are made mindful that they are inconsistent to young men. Each time understudies are situated or arranged by sex, educators are asserting that young ladies and young men ought to be dealt with in an unexpected way. At the point when an overseer disregards a demonstration of lewd behavior, the individual is permitting the debasement of young ladies. At the point when various practices are endured for young men than for young ladies on the grounds that ‘boys will be boys’, schools are propagating the mistreatment of females. There is some proof that young ladies are getting more scholastically effective than young men, anyway assessment of the homeroom demonstrates that young ladies and young men keep on being associated in manners that neutralize sexual orientation value. Instructors mingle young ladies towards a female perfect. Young ladies are adulated for being perfect, calm, and quiet, while young men are urged to think autonomously, be dynamic and make some noise. Young ladies are associated in schools to perceive ubiquity as being significant, and discover that instructive execution and capacity are not as significant. â€Å"Girls in grades six and seven rate being famous and popular as more significant than being seen as able or free. Young men, then again, are bound to rank autonomy and fitness as more important.† (Bailey, 1992) This socialization of gentility starts a lot sooner than the center evaluations. At early ages, young ladies start characterizing their femininities corresponding to young men. One investigation of a third grade study hall analyzed four self-arranged gatherings of young ladies inside the homeroom: the decent young ladies, the girlies, the zest young ladies and the spitfires. Through meetings specialist Diane Reay found that ‘nice girls’ was viewed as a harsh term showing, â€Å"†¦an nonattendance of strength and attitude.† (Reay, 2001) Furthermore, the girlies were a gathering of young ladies who concentrated their time on playing with and composing love letters to young men, the boyish girls were young ladies who played games with the young men, and the zest young ladies embraced young lady power and played ‘rate-the-boy’ on the play area. Reay’s research shows that every one of the gatherings of young ladies characterized their own femininities corresponding to young men. (2001) The Reay concentrate further shows how socialization of young ladies happens at the school level by enduring various practices from young men than from young ladies. Confident conduct from young ladies is frequently observed as problematic and might be seen all the more adversely by grown-ups. In Reay’s study, the way that the zest young ladies stood up for themselves in manners in spite of customary gentility made them be named by instructors as â€Å"real bitches†. (2001) This fortifies the idea that â€Å"†¦girls’ trouble making to be viewed as a character deformity, while boys’ misconduct is seen as a longing to declare themselves.† (Reay, 2001) A lenient mentality towards lewd behavior is another way inâ which schools fortify the socialization of young ladies as second rate. â€Å"When schools disregard chauvinist, bigot, homophobic, and brutal connections between understudies, they are giving unsaid endorsement to such behaviors.† (Bailey, 1992) Yet young men are provoked for tossing like a young lady, or crying like a young lady, which infers that being a young lady is more awful than being a kid. As per the American Association of University Women Report, â€Å"The clear message to the two young men and young ladies is that young ladies are not deserving of regard and that suitable conduct for young men incorporates applying control over young ladies †or over other, more fragile boys.† (Bailey, 1992) Clearly the socialization of sexual orientation is fortified at school, â€Å"Because study halls are microcosms of society, reflecting its qualities and ills the same, it follows that the ordinary socialization examples of little youngsters that frequently lead to mutilated impression of sex jobs are reflected in the classrooms.† (Marshall, 1997) Yet sex predisposition in instruction comes to past socialization designs, inclination is installed in course books, exercises, and educator collaborations with understudies. This sort of sex predisposition is a piece of the shrouded educational program of exercises instructed certainly to understudies through the consistently working of their study hall. In Myra and David Sadker’s research, they noted four kinds of educator reactions to understudies: instructor acclaims, giving positive input to a reaction; educator remediates, urging an understudy to address or extend their answer; instructor scrutinizes, expressly expressing that the appropriate response is off base; instructor acknowledges, recognizing that an understudy has reacted. The Sadkers found that young men were unquestionably bound to get recognition or remediation from an educator than were young ladies. The young ladies were well on the way to get an affirmation reaction from their educator. (Sadker, 1994) These discoveries are affirmed by a recent report by Good and Brophy that â€Å"†¦noted that educators give young men more noteworthy chance to extend thoughts and be enlivened than they do young ladies and that they fortify young men more for general reactions than they accomplish for girls.† (Marshall, 1997) Beyond instructor reactions, extraordinary administrations in training seem, by all accounts, to be applied more generously to young men than to young ladies. Examination shows that young men are alluded for testing for talented projects twice as regularly as young ladies, which might be on the grounds that, â€Å"†¦giftedness is viewed as unusual, and young ladies endeavor to conform.† (Orenstein, 1994) Boys speak to more than 66% of all understudies in a custom curriculum projects and there is a higher the extent of maleâ students getting analyze that are viewed as emotional. While clinical reports demonstrate that learning handicaps happen in almost equivalent quantities of in young men and young ladies, the reality of the situation may prove that, â€Å"Rather than recognizing learning issues, school staff might be mislabeling conduct issues. Young ladies who sit unobtrusively are disregarded; young men who carry on are put in exceptional projects that may not meet their needs.† (Bailey, 1992) Gender predisposition is likewise instructed verifiably through the assets picked for study hall use. Utilizing writings that exclude commitments of ladies, that tokenize the encounters of ladies, or that generalization sex jobs, further mixes sexual orientation inclination in schools’ educational plan. While research shows that the utilization of sexual orientation evenhanded materials permits understudies to have more sex adjusted information, to grow progressively adaptable perspectives towards sex jobs, and to mirror job practices contained in the materials (Klein, 1985) schools keep on utilizing sex one-sided messages: Researchers at a 1990 gathering detailed that even messages intended to fit inside the momentum California rules on sex and race value for reading material reception demonstrated inconspicuous language predisposition, disregard of grant on ladies, oversight of ladies as engineers of history and initiators of occasions, and nonappearance of ladies from records of mechanical turns of events. (Bailey, 1992) Clearly the socialization of sex jobs and the utilization of a sexual orientation one-sided concealed educational program lead to unjust training for young men and young ladies. What changes can be made to make an increasingly impartial learning condition for all youngsters? To start with, instructors should be made mindful of their sexual orientation one-sided propensities. Next, they should be given techniques for modifying the conduct. At long last, endeavors should be made to battle sexual orientation predisposition in instructive materials. An investigation by Kelly Jones, Cay Evans, Ronald Byrd, and Kathleen Campbell (2000) utilized examination of recorded exercises so as to acquaint educators with their own sexual orientation one-sided conduct. Requiring in-administration projects to address sexual orientation predisposition in the homeroom will make educators progressively mindful

In-depth analysis research paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Inside and out investigation - Research Paper Example Notwithstanding, there are worries that his moderate media appearances are not attractive. This may have moral ramifications to partners and the open since they appear not to have satisfactory roads to draw in with their Governor. The subsequent news thing is titled â€Å"Super PAC money assumes large job in Nebraska Senate race.† This thing outlines political interactions that happen towards appointment of a state congressperson. It is pleasant that the situation of Senator has a few obligations; a reality that advises different stakeholders’ choice to help a specific competitor who they feel will play out his command successfully. In any case, money related help by different partners may have moral ramifications as a definitive champ of the Senate races might be enticed to settle on choices dependent on the a portion of the desires of his â€Å"supporters† which may not be in light of a legitimate concern for different partners. The third thing is titled  "New GOP super PAC planned for drawing in youth vote.† These things shows the longing of the Republicans to pull in the young vote as a major aspect of its plan to address the high joblessness that has baffled the adolescents throughout the years (The Center for Public Integrity, 2012). ... The office is non fanatic and it is committed to delivering analytical news-casting on open concern issues. It works in the political setting which is favorable which empowers it embrace its targets viably and with practically no political difficulties by any stretch of the imagination. Inner organization pioneers and political pioneers have impacted the achievement of the office in the accompanying three different ways. The main route is through the non-fanatic methodology that the inward organization pioneers have received in the running of the agency’s exercises which has empowered it to experience negligible reactions with respect to partisanship. The subsequent path is by working its analytical news coverage exercises by putting the enthusiasm of the open first and holding fast to respectability and trustworthiness standards in its exercises (The Center for Public Integrity, 2012). This has empowered it gain believability from the open along these lines making it fruitful . The third route is through the political pioneers; they have had confidence on the office and not many have raised appropriate concerns with respect to the office and its exercises. Likewise, inner office pioneers have extraordinarily impacted the accomplishment of the office as in the organization centers around the maltreatment of intensity, obligation neglect by incredible private and open foundations along these lines winning open help. Legitimate Decisions Ideally, the force that The Center for Public Integrity has as an office in authorizing the guidelines they are approached to maintain is restricted. Regularly, this office along with others are charged by certain state offices, private and open associations to examine honesty, administration, managerial, and responsibility viewpoints in a specific State or

Disruptive Technology

Troublesome Technology Abstract The target of this venture is to clarify the rise of problematic innovation in the IT business that will empower and help the associations development in a financially savvy way. Probably the most sweltering theme in today’s IT halls is the utilizations and advantages of virtualization advances. IT organizations everywhere throughout the globe are executing virtualization for a decent variety of business necessities, driven by possibilities to advance server adaptability and abatement operational expenses. InfoTech Solutions being predominant IT arrangement supplier can be extensively profited by executing the virtualization. This paper is expected to give the total subtleties of virtualization, its focal points and techniques for SMEs to relocate. Presentation 2009 IT trendy expression is ‘Virtualization’. Little, medium and huge business associations truly began to re arrange their e-business procedure towards the effective troublesome innovation of virtualization. Virtualization of business applications licenses IT activities in associations of all sizes to diminish costs, progress IT administrations and to decrease hazard the board. The most astounding cost reserve funds are the impact of reducing equipment, usage of room and vitality, just as the profitability picks up prompts cost investment funds. In the Small business area virtualization can be characterized as an innovation that grants application remaining burdens to be kept up autonomous of host equipment. A few applications can share a sole, physical server. Remaining burdens can be turned starting with one host then onto the next with no personal time. IT foundation can be overseen as a pool of assets, as opposed to an assortment of physical gadgets. Troublesome Technology Problematic Technology or troublesome Innovation is a development that improves an item or administration by diminishing the cost or changing the market drastically in a manner it doesn't anticipate. Christensen (2000) expressed that ‘‘disruptive advances are regularly less difficult, less expensive, and more dependable and helpful than set up technologies’’ (p. 192). Before we do any examination on problematic innovation it is valuable and important to sum up the Christensen’s thought of troublesome innovation. Christensen was anticipated as â€Å"guru† by the business (Scherreik, 2000). His work has been comprehensively alluded by researchers or scientists working in various controls and themes like the improvement of new item, methodologies like promoting and the executives, etc. In his book â€Å"The Innovator’s Dilemma,† (Christensen 1997) Christensen had done critical perceptions about the conditions under which organizations or associations that are set up lose market to a contestant that was alluded as problematic innovation. This hypothesis turned out to be very powerful in the administration dynamic procedure (Vaishnav, 2008). Christensen’s contentions, from the scholarly references (Christensen 1992; Christensen and Rosenbloom 1995; Christensen, Suarez et al. 1996) rather than glancing in to his popular soft cover books (Christensen 1997; Christensen and Raynor 2003), clarifies that the contestant may have more favorable position then the occupant and it requires the comprehension of three significant powers: innovative ability (Henderson and Clark 1990), hierarchical elements (Anderson and Tushman 1990), and esteem (Christensen and Rosenbloom 1995). He contended further that company’s serious technique and mostly its previous selections of business sectors to serve, chooses its impression of financial incentive in new innovation, and improves the prizes it will hope to get through advancement. Christensen (1995) groups new innovation into two kinds: supporting and problematic. Continuing innovation relies upon rising enhancements to a previously settled innovation, simultaneously Disruptive innovation is new, and replaces a set up innovation out of the blue. The troublesome advances may have absence of refinement and regularly may have execution issues on the grounds that these are new and might not have a checked commonsense application yet. It requires some investment and vitality to make something new and imaginative that will essentially impact how things are finished. The greater part of the associations are worried about keeping up and continuing their items and advances as opposed to making something new and diverse that may better the circumstance. They will make change and minor adjustments to improve the present item. These progressions will give a touch of new life to those items so they can expand the business briefly and keeps the innovation somewhat more. Problematic advancements for the most part rise up out of outside to the standard. For instance the light was not created by the flame business trying to improve the outcomes. Typically proprietors of perceived innovation associations will in general spotlight on their expanded enhancements to their current items and attempt to maintain a strategic distance from potential danger to their business (Techcom, 2004). Contrasted with continuing items, troublesome innovations step into different bearings, concocting thoughts that would neutralize with items in the present markets and might supplant the standard items that are being utilized. So it isn't considered as interruption, however considered as advancement. It isn't just supplanting, however improving ahead what we have now making things upgraded, snappier, and generally cooler. It is possible that it might be troublesome or inventive; innovations are changing the â€Å"future wave† in to the real world and gradually began possessing the world. On one hand, the admonition of disturbance makes occupants dubious about losing the market, while developing new participants certain of concocting the following problematic innovation. Maybe, such expects and stresses produce more rivalry in the commercial center. It appears that consistently there is a clothing rundown of items and advancements that are going to â€Å"change the world as we probably am aware it. † One that appears to can possibly accomplish the title of a problematic innovation is something that has been around for some time now: virtualization. Gartner (2008) depicts troublesome innovation as â€Å"causing significant change in the acknowledged method of getting things done, including plans of action, forms, income streams, industry elements and purchaser behaviors†. Virtualization is one of the best ten problematic advancements recorded by (Gartner. com). This virtualization innovation isn't new to the world. As PCs transform into progressively normal however, it became clear that just time-sharing a solitary PC was not constantly perfect on the grounds that the frameworks can be abused purposefully or unexpectedly and that may crash the whole framework to alt. To stay away from this multi framework idea developed. This multi framework idea gave a great deal of favorable circumstances in the authoritative condition like Privacy, security to information, Performance and detachment. For instance in association culture it is required to keep certain exercises performing from various frameworks. A testing application ru n in a framework here and there may end the framework or crash the framework totally. So it is evident to run the application in a different framework that won’t influence the net work. Then again putting various applications in a similar framework may lessen the exhibition of the framework as they get to the equivalent accessible framework assets like memory, organize input/yield, Hard circle input/yield and need planning (Barham, at,. el, 2003). The presentation of the framework and application will be enormously improved if the applications are put in various frameworks with the goal that they can have its own assets. It is hard for the greater part of the association to contribute on different frameworks and now and again it is difficult to keep all the frameworks occupied to its maximum capacity and hard to keep up and furthermore the benefit esteem continues devaluing. So putting resources into numerous frameworks gets squander now and again, anyway having multi frameworks clearly has its own preferences. Thinking about this expense and waste, IBM presented the primary virtual machine in 1960 that made one framework to be as it was numerous. In the beginning, this new innovation permitted people to run various applications simultaneously to build the presentation of individual and PC to do perform various tasks capacities. Alongside this performing multiple tasks factor made by virtualization, it was likewise an incredible cash saver. The performing multiple tasks capacity of virtualization that permitted PCs to accomplish more than each assignment in turn become progressively significant to organizations, so they can use their ventures totally (VMWare. com). Virtualization is an advertised and much talked about theme as of late because of its potential attributes. Right off the bat it has ability to utilize the PC assets in a superior potential manner amplifying the company’s equipment venture. It is assessed that lone 25% of the absolute assets are used in a normal server farm. By virtualization enormous number more established frameworks can be supplanted by an exceptionally current, dependable and adaptable endeavor servers lessen the equipment and foundation cost altogether. It isn't simply server union, virtualization offers substantially more than that like the capacity to suspend, resume, checkpoint, and move running Chesbrough (1999a, 1999b). It is especially helpful in dealing with the long running occupations. In the event that a long running activity is alloted to a virtual machine with checkpoints empowered, regardless it stops or hangs, it very well may be restarted from where it halted as opposed to beginning from the earliest starting point. The fundamental respect of today’s virtualization contrasted with the more established centralized computer age is that it very well may be assigned any of the service’s decision area and is called as of Distributed Virtual Machines that opens a ton of conceivable outcomes like observing of system, approving security strategy and the appropriation of substance (Peterson et, al, 2002). T

Frankensteins Monster Essay Example for Free

Frankensteins Monster Essay In the start of the story, Elizabeth who was received little girl of Victor Frankensteins guardians becomes sick to a dangerous sickness, which is called red fever. Victor Frankensteins mother medical attendants Elizabeth, and she at last shows signs of improvement; anyway Victor Frankensteins mother gets the ailment with lethal results. Victor Frankenstein turns out to be exceptionally disturbed when his mom kicks the bucket. This occasion make Victor Frankenstein resolved to consider and turn into a specialist and save life. Victor Frankenstein goes to a college in Ingolstadt to contemplate. He is by all accounts in two personalities about his, flight for Ingolstadt, which had been conceded by these occasions, since he feels remorseful about going out of grieving unexpectedly early yet he is exceptionally anxious to examine. At the point when Frankenstein starts his investigation at the college, he gets keen on breathing life into individuals back. He turns out to be intrigued to the point that he persuades himself that he could restore a dead individual back to life, one of the wonders which had exceptionally stood out for me was the structure of the human casing, and for sure, any creature endued with life. The following piece of the story is when Victor Frankenstein makes the animal and he attempts to breath life into him by utilizing power, I gathered the instruments of life around me, may I mix a sparkle of being into the dead thing . When the animal additions life, Victor Frankenstein depicts the animal as an evil presence and a blackguard. Frankenstein can just observe what the animal resembles outwardly thus accepts the animal is malicious, How would i be able to portray my feelings at this disaster, or how depict the rapscallion whom with interminable torments and care I had attempted to shape? Mary Shelley causes the peruser to feel compassion toward the animal by the way observe the manner in which the beast was made this fill us brimming with frightfulness in light of the fact that the manner in which he was made is totally unnatural I dallied among the unhallowed damps of the grave or tormented the living creatures to invigorate the inert mud This cause u to feel that the beast was conceived out of agony and repulsiveness. Another way Mary Shelley cause to feel compassion toward the animal is the manner in which she portrays the spot the animal was made as nobody ought to be acquired to the world in a spot like that In a lone chamber, or rather cell, at the highest point of the house, and isolated from the various condos by an exhibition and flight of stairs, I kept my workshop of dingy manifestations Some perusers may pick up compassion towards the beast as Frankenstein alludes to the beast as dirty as may mean messy as genuinely foul or intellectually tarnished. Perhaps the greatest ways that Mary Shelley picks up compassion toward the animal is the manner in which she depicts him, this tells the peruser how terrible he is and it likewise mentions to the peruser what Frankenstein considers him His yellow skin barely secured crafted by muscles conduits underneath; his hair was of brilliant dark, and following; his teeth of a magnificent whiteness; yet appeared to be nearly a similar shading as the dun-white attachments where they were set, his withered composition and straight dark lips. The portrayal Mary Shelley utilizes gives the picture that the animal is abhorrent in spite of the fact that the animals character is charming. Likewise this is the means by which Frankenstein considers the to be as Frankenstein ought to be a more remote figure and towards the animal he should assist the animal with learning about the world rather he is appalled by what he has made additionally and just observe what the animal resembles not how the animal is inside thus he accepts the animal is malevolent. One other way is the way that Frankenstein escapes his creation The hopeless beast whom I had made. He held up the blinds of the bed; and his eyes, on the off chance that they perhaps called, were fixed on me. His jaws opened, and he murmured some awkward sounds, while a smile wrinkled his cheeks. He may have spoken, however I didn't hear; one hand was loosened up appearing to keep me, yet I got away and surged down the steps. I took decline in the patio having a place with the house, which I occupied. This causes you to feel compassion towards the beast since Frankenstein ought to resemble a dad towards the beast and help him through the beginning periods of his life however rather he surrenders him leaves him to get by all alone. Presumably the beast feels terrified, and befuddled, as he resembles an infant uninformed of anything additionally not knowing anything. Uneducated, Victor Frankensteins creation is compelled to battle for itself, and discover food, even he doesnt know how to or what food is.

Exploring the newest innovations in dessert technology

Exploring the newest innovations in dessert technology How many desserts can one consume in 2 ½ hours? Five MIT students decided to find out, while celebrating a 21st birthday. We had three stops on our journey, one which would take us across Boston and involve the consumption of an immeasurable amount of calories. (OK, Dad, I know you hate when I fixate on food, but it’s all in the name of science.) We began at Truly Jorgs Patisserie in Kenmore Square, which had some of the coolest wedding cakes I’ve ever seen! We sampled 6 desserts, pictured below. Next stop, Beard Papas at Faneuil Hall, home of the “world’s best cream puffs.” We tried the vanilla, chocolate, and strawberry cream puffs, with and without chocolate on top. They fill the puffs with your choice of custard right before your eyes. The custard recipe was discovered in Japan and now they’re found all over the world! The final stop was Trani in the North End. Get this….there are shelves after shelves of different pastries just waiting to be injected with ice cream! They opened the store in July and boy, what a great concept. We had two chocolate fudge cupcakes, two yellow cupcakes, and an apple turnover…all injected with vanilla and chocolate ice cream. Yum…delicious, my favorite was the chocolate cupcake with chocolate ice cream. Being MIT students, we also analyzed the chemical and mechanical engineering required for such a restaurant. They had this really nifty chocolate fudge dribbling machine that transported the ice cream-injected pastry on a little conveyor belt. The result: a perfectly chocolate covered creation. I guess the trick is using cold-ish chocolate, otherwise you’d melt the ice cream inside. Yea, haven’t figured that one out yet… Anyway, it was great, and definitely a wonderful break from psetting and scholarship applications.

Ethnographers Analytical Essay - 2200 Words

Ethnographers Analytical Essay and Field Journal (Malacca Trip) (Reaction Paper Sample) Content: NameInstitutionEthnographer's Analytical Essay andField Journal (Malacca Trip)IntroductionEthnography is an interesting study; it involves the exploration of a selected cultural phenomena (Fine, 1993). This undertaking means not only a graphical representation, but also writing of a culture of a selected group (Fine, 1993). In this case, I took the initiative to explore Malacca. This is regarded as the third smallest state in Malaysia. Situated in the southern region that is commonly termed as the Malay Peninsula, Malacca is boarded by Johor to the South and Negeri Sembilan to the North. This is an analytical report following my itinerary to Malacca.The Trip ItselfOn day one, I drove to Malacca via Johor Bahru. I had booked for accommodation in a nearby hotel (Seyd Meridien Hotel Melaka). I arrived at the hotel at 7.45 pm. The hotel is located near the sea, but it appears that the land near it has been fenced in preparation for the construction of an unknown project . Later, at 8 .10 pm, I got a Google map from the receptionist and started walking towards Jonker. During the 15 minutes-walk, I realized that there were few hotels, most of the area was under development. There were few people in the area.By 8.35 pm, I had arrived at Jonker walk, and it is characterized by a whole stretch of night market stores. They are very many, and the most prominent stores include those of clothing, ornaments, food, drinks, snacks, palm reading and antiques. The market was made up of young people. The streets were filled with many people, both local and foreign (tourists). It was evident that there were many young parents with their children. At 8.50pm, we decided to have a meal. I went to a traditional peranakan restaurant, and traditional food was served. This local joint had both locals and tourists. The traditional meal, Buak Keluak (stewed chicken with black nuts), was served. This place is simple and is filled with lots of ornaments and traditional photo s. I also realized that the kitchen staff of this restaurant were from Indonesia. I had mixed feelings about the food.At 9.45pm, I went back to Jonker Walk. It was a Friday night. It was very active and lively. The night market was full and traditional music filled the airwaves. It was the last day of the Chinese New Year and as such, it was filled with a host of activities. I realized that there are different dialect clan associations along the street. Local communities meet at a clan house and celebrate. I managed to visit three clan houses. Each clan house has its own activities, group dance, line dance and singing session (karaoke). The celebrations of the last day of the New Year had drawn so many people. Lion dances and music were the most prominent. The celebrations culminated with a series of fireworks. This marked the end of my first day.On day two, my day began at 8.25 am. The streets looked much different from the night life; night market stores were closed, only shop ho uses were open. I went for breakfast at the famous chicken ball stall (Kedai Kopi Chung Hwa).At 9.20 am, I was privileged to visit Christ Church Malacca. It is a national heritage center that was opened apparently in 1753, and it is filled with many tourists. It is not only a heritage, but also a learning center. I met students from Kuala Lumpur University who had come to study the architecture and interior design of the church. Apparently, there was a funeral service that was going on at the church at that time. I wondered whether tourists' visits would disrupt the session, and I managed to have a chat with the pastor. He answered me with surprise that the church welcomed anyone who wished to join them during the service. Tourists were asked in a polite manner not to take pictures during the service as it is seen as a form of disturbance during the funeral service. Although it was a funeral service, it was filled with joy; the service was warm and cheerful.At 10.45 am, I went back to Jonker walk, it was excessively hot. I realized that there were a lot of antique shops around. I decided to visit one of them. Amazingly, part of the shop had been converted into coffee heaven, and a resting place. It was a strategic move; as people came to rest and take a cup of coffee, they could view the antiques on exhibition. At 11.45 am, I crisscrossed Jonker Street, and came across Taman Warisan Dunia Jonker walk. It had bronze like sculptures; it is a mini garden with a restroom. The most prominent feature of this place is the muscular man sculpture. This is the sculpture of Datuk Wira Dr. Gan Booon Leong, who is regarded as the father of Malaysian body builders. Many tourists visit this area to take pictures.By midday, I was sweaty and hungry. I had a quick lunch at an old traditional looking coffee shop and continued with exploration. I explored mosques and temples. Kampung Kling mosque was the most prominent; its architectural design and fittings are exceptionally prominent. Before, entering the mosque, one's attire must be appropriate. Next to the Mosques was the Sri Poyyatha Vinayagar Temple, a Hindu temple, but it was closed. Down the road, there is the Cheng Hoon Teng Temple. It had a beehive of activities; there were a lot of people coming in for prayer and offering. The doors, pillars and walls of the temple had tiger carvings, dragons and phoenixes. The fact that two different temples and a mosque are located next to each other is testament to the harmony and acceptance of each religious group.In the afternoon at 2.15 pm, I decide to visit a nearby cafÃÆ'Â ©, cafÃÆ'Â © 1511; though modern, cafÃÆ'Â © 1511 has reserved some traditional features. Finally, I had the opportunity to visit Baba and Nonya Museum; houses at the museum, according to the tour guide, were built by the Portuguese during the colonization era. We managed to see the museum's belief colors, traditional clothes, dinner wares and architecture. As the evening drew in at 4.15 pm, I decided to hover around in various coffee shops. There was this in unusual coffee shop that was full of elderly people sharing nonya-pastries and coffee and chatting about life. The environment was warm and cheerful. The unity of the local communities, their welcoming attitude and the little things they do make tourists feel at home; they are a unique form of attraction that gives tourists the wish of coming back.Literature ReviewUNESCO has listed Malacca as a world heritage center. This area was a small fishing village that was inhabited by local Malays before the arrival of the first sultans (Zian, 1992). According to the local theories, Malacca was found by the last Raja of the present day Singapore, Sri Majara. Apparently, Sri Majara also known as Parameswara, was resting under a tree at the river bank when one of his dogs pounced on a mouse deer. The mouse deer pushed Sri Majara's dog into the river in self-defense. That phenomenon amazed Parameswara; he saw it as a good sign; the weak had overpowered the mighty. On that spot, he claimed to have found an empire, which he named Melaka, in memory of the tree under which he was resting that day. Parameswara, in association with the wondering proto-Malays, and sea-people established Melaka as a powerful trading center.Since it was a busy center, it is believed that, in the ancient centuries, a Chinese Princess came to Melaka with over 500 attendants (Kosasih, 2013). The Princess married a Sultan. Likewise, the 500 attendants intermarried with the locals, and that is why there is a huge Chinese presence and culture in Malacca (Kosasih, 2013). In terms of religion, Islam is by far the largest religion commanding 66 percent. It is followed by Buddhism (24%), Hinduism (5.7%), Christianity (3%) and Chinese ethnic religion (0.2%) (Chia, 1998). Malay ethnic group is the most dominant commanding 63 percent (Chia, 1998). It is followed by Chinese (25%), Indians (6%), and a small percentage of peopl e with Portuguese ancestry (Chia, 1998). There is also a small percentage of non-believers.What is interesting is that tourists can share the local Christ Church with the natives (Sudipta, Sarat Babu, 2010). Tourists can flock in and out of the church for site seeing, even when services are ongoing in the same church. This is a testament to the community's receptiveness and politeness. This aspect is an indication of Malaysia's rich cultural tourism. According to Sudipta, Sarat and Babu (2010), cultural tourism not only brings pride to the local communities, but also enhances bonding between the locals and tourists. This form of tourism is the surest way to preserve, as well as, promote a state's unique cultural heritage (Sudipta, Sarat Babu, 2010). Malaysia has varied cultural heritages. Historical sites such as Christ Church of Malacca are sources of cultural tourism. As such, heritage and culture have become leading sources of tourism attraction (Sudipta, Sarat Babu, 2010). As a consequence, locals have become familiar with this development. This is why they are generous and welcoming. They have the discipline to welcome tourists in a church even in the midst of church services.Malacca has become the leading source of cultural attraction in Malaysia (Sudipta, Sarat Babu, 2010). Tourism has made Malaysia to emerge as a major superpower in South Asia. Malacca is strategically located, and has some of the major cultural attractions found in the entire country. Apart from church visits, tourists mingle with the locals in local restaurants. Malaccans have adopted to this form of life, and are very friendly (Sudipta, Sarat Babu, 2010). A tour around Malacca reveals the friendliness of the local communities. On top of that, it is evident that Malacca provides tourists with various forms of adventures and sports, site seeing, entertainment, beach and island tourism, and rural tourism in the form of home stays (...

Geographic Facts About Oregon

Oregon is a state located in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. It is north of California, south of Washington and west of Idaho. Oregon has a population of 3,831,074 people (2010 estimate) and a total area of 98,381 square miles (255,026 sq km). It is most known for its diverse landscape that includes a rugged coastline, mountains, dense forests, valleys, high desert and large cities such as Portland. Oregon Fast Facts Population: 3,831,074 (2010 estimate)Capital: SalemLargest City: PortlandArea: 98,381 square miles (255,026 sq km)Highest Point: Mount Hood at 11,249 feet (3,428 m) Interesting Info to Know About the State of Oregon Scientists believe that humans have inhabited the region of present-day Oregon for at least 15,000 years. The area was not mentioned in recorded history however until the 16th century when Spanish and English explorers spotted the coast. In 1778 Captain James Cook mapped part of Oregon’s coast while on a journey looking for the Northwest Passage. In 1792 Captain Robert Gray discovered the Columbia River and claimed the region for the United States.In 1805 Lewis and Clark explored the Oregon region as part of their expedition. Seven years later in 1811 John Jacob Astor established a fur depot called Astoria near the mouth of the Columbia River. It was the first permanent European settlement in Oregon. By the 1820s the Hudson’s Bay Company became the dominant fur traders in the Pacific Northwest and it established a headquarters at Fort Vancouver in 1825. In the early 1840s, Oregon’s population grew considerably as the Oregon Trail brought many new settlers into th e region.​In the late 1840s, the United States and British North America had a dispute about where the border between the two would be. In 1846 the Oregon Treaty set the border at the 49th parallel. In 1848 the Oregon Territory was officially recognized and on February 14, 1859, Oregon was admitted into the Union.Today Oregon has a population of over 3 million people and its largest cities are Portland, Salem, and Eugene. It has a relatively strong economy that depends on agriculture and various high-tech industries as well as natural resource extraction. The major agricultural products of Oregon are grain, hazelnuts, wine, assorted types of berries and seafood products. Salmon fishing is a major industry in Oregon. The state is also home to large companies such as Nike, Harry and David and Tillamook Cheese.Tourism is also a major part of Oregon’s economy with the coast being a major travel destination. The state’s large cities are also tourist destinations. Cra ter Lake National Park, the only national park in Oregon, averages about 500,000 visitors per year.As of 2010, Oregon had a population of 3,831,074 people and a population density of 38.9 people per square mile (15 people per square kilometer). Most of the state’s population, however, are clustered around the Portland metropolitan area and along the Interstate 5/ Willamette Valley corridor.Oregon, along with Washington and sometimes Idaho, is considered a part of the United States’ Pacific Northwest and it has an area of 98,381 square miles (255,026 sq km). It is famous for its rugged coastline that stretches 363 miles (584 km). The Oregon coast is divided into three regions: the North Coast that stretches from the mouth of the Columbia River to Neskowin, the Central Coast from Lincoln City to Florence and the South Coast that stretches from Reedsport to the state’s border with California. Coos Bay is the largest city on the Oregon coast.Oregon’s topograp hy is highly varied and consists of mountainous regions, large valleys such as the Willamette and Rogue, high elevation desert plateau, dense evergreen forests as well as redwood forests along the coast. The highest point in Oregon is Mount Hood at 11,249 feet (3,428 m). It should be noted that Mount Hood, like most of the other tall mountains in Oregon, is a part of the Cascade Mountain Range --Â  a volcanic range stretching from northern California into British Columbia, Canada.In general Oregon’s varied topography is normally divided into eight different regions. These regions consist of the Oregon Coast, the Willamette Valley, the Rogue Valley, the Cascade Mountains, the Klamath Mountains, the Columbia River Plateau, the Oregon Outback and the Blue Mountains ecoregion.Oregon’s climate varies throughout the state but it is generally mild with cool summers and cold winters. The coastal regions are mild to cool year round while eastern Oregon’s high desert are as are hot in the summer and cold in the winter. High mountain areas such as the region around Crater Lake National Park have mild summers and cold, snowy winters. Precipitation generally occurs year-round in much of Oregon. Portland’s average January low temperature is 34.2ËšF (1.2ËšC) and its average July high temperature is 79ËšF (26ËšC).

Elms College Admissions SAT Scores, Financial Aid...

Causative Factors Relating to Falls Within the Elderly in...

The purpose of this essay is to analyse and evaluate the risk and causative factors relating to falls associated with the elderly in their home environment. The question presents a case study of Mavis Bazmati and outlines various aspects of her health and home situation. As a community nurse Mavis’ home will be assessed for potential hazards and provide strategies to prevent further falls. There are different community resources that are available to help Mavis and other members of the multi-disciplinary health team to assist with her activities of daily living. Falls in the elderly is a health risk priority (Crisp Taylor. Pg. 235). People aged 65 and over are at most risk as falls can often result in morbidity, mortality and injury†¦show more content†¦There are many risks in the home and identifying the dangers is an essential key for the person’s safety and wellbeing. Slippery floors, poor lighting, pets, inappropriate footwear, electrical cords and loose rugs or mats are just a few potential high risk problems (Heath and Schofield, pg. 262). As a community nurse it is imperative that a home assessment is completed prior to discharge. Although it is unknown if Mavis has dementia it is a factor that should be considered as she is 91 years of age. Another unknown factor is if she has a visibility or mobility impairment or suffers from any alterations in gait (Bueno-Cavanillas, 2000). The home assessment will be conducted on a room to room basis using a falls risk assessment tool. By gathering and documenting this information it will provide more insight into Mavis’ health and lifestyle and give necessary information to other health care members which may be vital. It will be demonstrated in the following examples what rooms are most at high risk for falls, the hazards involved and the strategies for the prevention of falls. The Bathroom: High Risk Area The hazards in this room include: - Slippery floor due to excess water from showering or spillage of urine or body fluids. - Uneven, cracked or broken tiles - Shower recess hob - Open bar heater Strategies to reduce potential hazards: - Non slip tiles or adhesive mats - Direct level entry into shower recess and removing hobShow MoreRelatedAn Evaluation of an on-Farm Food Safety Program for Ontario Greenhouse Vegetable Producers; a Global Blueprint for Fruit and Vegetable Producers51659 Words   |  207 Pagesemployment also provided me with a unique opportunity to read and digest all the food safety dialogue that was in the public realm, and begin to form some opinions about on-farm food safety policy and implementation. During that summer and into the fall I was fortunate enough to be introduced to four individuals who have all acted as mentors to me (whether they know it or not). This thesis would not have been possible if it wasn t for the support and friendship of Shane Morris, Amber Bailey, KatijaRead MoreNational Security Outline Essay40741 Words   |  163 Pagescapabilities as potential threats or should we pursue superior capabilities -US leaders have varied greatly on how much is enough -Domestic strength -Important goal is to seek political cohesion, economic vitality, and good educational policies at home because it will help country to prevail during war (increases domestic support and morale) -Economic vitality and educational strength also provide resources to implement national security, help develop weapons to compete with enemies, and allow country

The Role Of Nature Versus Nurture In The Development Of

The role of nature versus nurture in the development of humans has been frequently argued in physiological, psychological, and nonacademic settings. Nature includes both genetic predispositions and evolutionary biological processes, while nurture consists of factors such as the environment in which a child is raised, prenatal conditions, or life experiences. Emotional processes and their elicited behaviors and feelings each play a large role in our character. It is therefore important to consider the necessary function of and connections between innate processes and the environment in the development of the emotional system. With a clear intention of evaluating the effects of the environment on developing children, Bos et al. (2011)†¦show more content†¦15). Without an adequate and dependable caregiver, the children do not have someone to guide their emotional development and condition them to various stimuli. There is likely no constant mentor to stimulate the child o r serve as an example for consciously associating feelings back to certain body changes or the emotion-causing trigger itself. As a result, their neural physiology and networking of the neurons in the brain differ quite greatly from those of individuals who were given considerably more attention and care in their youth. Not only does the biology differ, however; the emotional baseline on its own is significantly lower than that of a foster care or familial group, making it very difficult for the child to discern emotional consequences or even to know how to react to a stimulus. The functionality of emotion is thus impacted, and the laws of Frijda (1988) that govern emotion can help to understand what happens when one is deprived of adequate environmental conditions required for the proper development of emotional systems. Damasio (2010) outlines the emotional system that results in a feeling with a biological process in mind. The inherent and biological base of his argument can be immediately recognized in that the governing factor, the â€Å"need and the motivation† (p. 114), of initiating an emotion is life regulation, or theShow MoreRelated Nature Versus Nurture: Both Play a Role in Development Essay528 Words   |  3 PagesNature versus nurture is a commonly debated topic in the scientific world. For example were all child molesters abused as children themselves or are their genes or other factors to blame for their bad decisions? Genes seem to determine much about children, such as eye color and height, but do they also determine behavior and overall health, or is the environment the children were raised in to blame? For example, when a child is misbehaving, is it the parents responsibility to take the blame forRead MoreDevelopment Across the Life Span: Nature Versus Nurture Essay exa mples1666 Words   |  7 PagesDevelopment Across the Life Span: Nature versus Nurture Barry University What is Nature versus Nurture? Development across the lifespan is one of the most interesting areas of psychology. The word development refers to human development which can be defined as â€Å"the scientific study of changes that occur in people as they age from conception until death.† (Ciccarelli, amp; White, 2009)Psychologists study this developmental change over time through several different methods. The book highlightsRead MoreEssay about Child Development, Nature vs Nurture801 Words   |  4 Pages. The nature versus nurture debate is one of the oldest issues in psychology. The debate centers on the relative contributions ofgenetic inheritance  and  environmental factors  to human development. Some philosophers such as Plato and Descartes suggested that certain things are inborn, or that they simply occur naturally regardless of environmental influences. Other well-known thinkers such as John Locke believed in what is known as  tabula rasa, which suggests that the mind begins as a blank slateRead MoreNature Vs. Nurture Essay1612 Words   |  7 PagesNature vs. Nurture Essay Throughout many years, scientists have been debating about whether nature or nurture is the driving force that shapes a person’s cognitive abilities and personal traits. Before the ongoing debate can be explained, it is necessary to understand what nature and nurture actually are. Nature is loosely defined as the genetics one inherits and tendencies that influence development. Many things in an individual are hereditary, for instance; gender, disease, height, eye color,Read MoreEssay on Human Development: Nature vs. Nurture1393 Words   |  6 PagesThe nature versus nurture debate is an old issue within the field of psychology. â€Å"The nature-nurture issue is a perennial one that has resurfaced in current psychiatry as a series of debates on the role that genes (DNA) and environments play in the etiology and pathophysiology of mental disorders† (Schaffner) The debate is essentially about what is inherited (nature) and what is experienced by environmental factors (nurture) and how they affect human development. Naturally, the nature versus nurtureRead MoreStages Of Emotional And Cognitive Development1242 Words   |  5 Pagescognitive development in children and the role of nurture and nature. In understanding the emotional and cognitive development in children, many theorists including Bowlby and his attachment theory, Baumrind theory towards parenting styles and also Vygotsky and his theory on social development, have all worked hard over many years of research into producing theories on understanding how the development of children is important. It has been found that emotional and cognitive development are becomingRead MoreNature vs. Nurture in Sport 1248 Words   |  5 Pagesquestions that arise in the nature vs. nurture debate pertaining about athletic ability. In 1582, British educator, Richard Mulcaster wrote that†¨Nature makes the boy toward, nurture sees him forward, he gave the world†¨a euphonious name for an opposition that has been debated ever since; Nature and Nurture. Peoples†¨beliefs about the roles of heredity and environment affect their opinions on an†¨astonishing range of topics including sports. The nature versus nurture debate n ot only exists in theRead MoreDeveloping A Unique Personality Is A Process By Temperament, Environment, And Character1217 Words   |  5 Pageschild thinks and grows morally. The forming of personality has long been a main argument of the nature versus nurture debate. Multiple of today’s psychologists and sociologists have said that neither nature or nurture can be the sole answer of how a person is the way they are. It is the balance between nature and nurture. According to psychologist Erik Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development, there are eight main stages a person will go through in developing their unique personality. FiveRead MoreNature Vs Nurture Essay882 Words   |  4 PagesNature vs Nurture The discussion about nature and nurture can be considered one of the oldest problems in psychology, the main question of which is: Are human traits present at birth or are they developing through experience? (Meyers, 2013). The natural side of the discussion asserts that the facial features and the way of their development strictly through DNA and genetics are transmitted by parents and grandparents. The nurture side of the debate argues that we are born with a clean list andRead MoreNature vs Nurture: Do Genes Or Environment Matter More? Essay936 Words   |  4 Pagesbeen an on-going debate between nature and nurture. T.H. White, author of The Once and Future King, explores the debate through many of the book’s characters. The issue clearly appears in the relationship of Queen Morgause and her sons, the Orkney brothers. The debate caused people to pick a side, to pick nature over nurture, or nurture over nature. However, it does not have to be one or the other. Nature and nu rture work together to determine who we are. Nature does not simply determine our physical

Interpersonal Roles Free Essays

Lamond, D. (2003). Henry Mintzberg vs. We will write a custom essay sample on Interpersonal Roles or any similar topic only for you Order Now Henri Fayol: Of Lighthouses, Cubists and the Emperor’s New Clothes. Journal of Applied Management and Entrepreneurship, 8(4), 5-23. This article talks about Mintzberg’s and Fayol’s theories regarding managerial work. It is mentioned that Fayol’s managerial function and Mintzberg’s managerial roles can be connected with one another. (Tsoukas 1994, as cited by Lamond, 2003) â€Å"the logical links between Fayol’s functions and Mintzberg’s roles are demonstrated†. This article explains the interrelation between managerial functions and managerial roles in particular group so that the management in organisation can run effectively. This article is useful for the author’s research as it gives explanation about the importance of interpersonal roles in relations with managerial functions while Robbins et al. (2003) book only provides the basic theoretical managerial roles without further relate with any other managerial components. Mintzberg, H. (1975). The manager’s job: folklore and fact, Harvard Business Review, 53(4) 49-61. Mintzberg’s (1975) article shows how interpersonal roles play important part for managers to make decisions and strategies; it also describes the importance of how interpersonal roles are integrated with other roles to achieve effectiveness of managerial work. Mintzberg (1975) suggested that â€Å"Three of manager’s roles arise directly from his formal authority and involve basic interpersonal relationship. † (p. 54). This article is useful for the author’s research as it gives an insight towards the importance of interpersonal roles for manager to avoid misunderstanding between the modern and traditional managerial works. This article is better compared to Pavett and Lau (1983) about managerial work’s article because it provides several examples that support the importance of international roles by providing evidence in reality such as the modern and traditional managerial works that have been misunderstood by society. Pavett, C. M. , Lau, A. W. (1983). Managerial work: The Influence of hierarchical level and functional speciality. Academy of Management Journal , 26(1), 170 – 177. Through this article, Pavett and Lau (1983) show the influence of hierarchical level and functional speciality on managerial roles. (Mintzberg, 1975, as cited in Pavett Lau, 1983) â€Å"differences in managerial work involve the relative’s importance of the roles across hierarchical level and functional speciality†. The research focuses on the integration between hierarchical level and functional speciality with managerial roles. This article is useful to the author’s research topics as Pavett and Lau (1983) give a relevant statistics about how hierarchical level, functional speciality and managerial roles are integrated, especially when the interpersonal roles are dominantly seen in hierarchical level and functional speciality as an essential part compared to the book written by Robbins et al. (2003) which only mentioned about the theory without justified examples to support it. Robbins, S. P. , Bergman, R. , Stagg, I. , Coutler, M. 2012). Management 6 (6th edition). French Forest NSW, Australia: Pearson Australia. Robbins et al. (2012) contains a brief explanation about Mintzberg’s interpersonal roles with its duties and responsibilities. Robbins et al. (2012) suggested that â€Å"All managers are required to perform duties that involve people (subordinates and persons outside the organisation) and other duties that are ceremonial and symbolic in nature†. The study explains that interp ersonal roles are more likely involve outsiders. This book is beneficial for the author’s research topic, as Robbins et al. (2012) gives plenty explanations about the benefit of interpersonal roles and how each roles are linked well together. The main limitation of the article is that the authors do not put sufficient details and examples about each roles compared to the article of Mintzberg (1975) which mentioned the clear evidence regarding interpersonal roles in everyday life by providing explanation about the modern and traditional way in defining managerial works. How to cite Interpersonal Roles, Papers

Parent Involvement Model †Free Sample Assignment Solution

Question: Provide a rationale for your parent involvement model, including an exposition of the theories and research that support the concept that families are young childrens primary teachers, and that family and community involvement are critical to successful early learning. Answer: The role of parents in aiding the development and growth of their children, is immense. Literature supports this notion and the facts are based on assertions that are grounded. The involvement of the parents in the child development has been analysed under three major categories- school based involvement, home based involvement and the parent teacher relationship (Waanders, C., Mendez, J. and Downer, J., 2007). Many parent involvement models have been proposed in order to establish the relationship between the children in their early childhood years and the role of parents in grooming their lives. The involvement of the parents with children is considered effective in terms of yielding positive outcomes. There are many reasons why parents get involved, like to develop a personal construction of the role of the parents in the education of their child, to develop positive sense of efficacy for helping their children progress and succeed in school and lastly, to fulfill the demands of t he schools and the education system that ask for their involvement in the process. Numerous education policy statements as well as the practice guidelines have provided notable consensus about the parents being the childrens first and the most enduring educators (OEDC, 2012). The term partnership is used to describe the relationship between parents and the ECEC (Early Childhood education care) professionals. The major principle underlying the working in partnership theory is that there is equal contribution of each of the parties in the growth and development of the children. According to the Dutch context of the educational partnership, four main aims have been specified- pedagogical, democratic, organizational and enabling (Kernan, M., 2012). The pedagogical aims deal with the interaction between the teachers/ listeners and the parents, sharing their knowledge about the child. The democratic aims give the equal right to all the parents to participate and judge the decisions and po licies of school and also participate either formally or informally in the decision making process about the aims and the developments of the school. The organizational aims enable the parents to provide practical help to organize and implement the activities in and outside school. Lastly, the enablement aims ensure the involvement of both the parents and the professionals, establishing a mutual relationship that caters to the benefits of the child (Kernan, M., 2012). The role of parents and families in the learning outcomes of children, has been studied and much research has been conducted to evaluate the impact of parental involvement and their support in the early learning of the children. The major focus of the research has been the cognitive outcomes (literacy and the language) and the social emotional outcomes (attitudes and behaviour). According to Desforges and others, the parental involvement helps in influencing and therefore, shaping the childs self concept as a learner and through setting high aspirations. Some other researchers have also contributed to the findings and concluded that there are three form of parental capabilities: personal dispositions like warmth, sensitivity and their attitude ; equal and easy access to education services and resources and access to education-related institutions (Lee and Brown, 2006). Goals The most common form of parental model that is found in literature is the one in which the outcomes can be assumed to be governed by selective factors that are strongly related to parents including the sociodemographic variables or parental attitudes. Certain factors that are related to the school often play a major role and these factors include the status variables and the process variables. However, this traditional or conventional model falls short in one major aspect- why do the parents get involved in the education of their children and secondly, how does this involvement yield positive outcomes? The major aims of parent involvement model that we wish to develop here are to involve the parents actively in the process of education of their children, to provide activities and various opportunities that will help the parents to become a part of the school, to provide parent education and the parenting growth tips and other relevant opportunities for getting to know about good parenting, to help the parents of al the children understand the progress of the students and also provide them and offer them ways to receive help in their efforts to improve the progress of their child. And lastly to improve the skills of communication both at home and at school. The expected outcomes of the presented model will be strictly focused on the social, emotional and behavioural aspect of childs development. The behavioural aspect can be studied by studying the involvement of the parents with the homework of the child and other co curricular or classroom activities. This will aid in the academic progress of the child. Secondly, if the parents will get involved with the early years of development of their child, the emotional stability and the social functioning of the child can be enhanced. By allowing discussion of the behavior of the child both in the classroom as well as at home, the behavioural problems will be discussed and the negative impact of the environment of classroom and the teachers can be significantly reduced. Schools are a form of communities that have no bridge to the neighbourhood. Families, on the contrary, reside in the neighbourhood. Often there is little connection among the families, the neighbourhood, schools and each other. But since all these entities affect each other in one or the other way, they need to collaborate at some level. This would eventually help in minimizing the problems and maximizing the results. The collaboration between the family and the school does not only mean simply working together but coordinating together. The basic decisions of the parents involvement are generally influenced by the role of the parents and the construction of this role, the sense of efficacy of the parents that is involved in helping the child, the general school based invitations for the involvement of the parents and lastly the general child invitations for the involvement of the parents. Although the major aim of the model is to explore the fact that the involvement of the parents should be encouraged, the intent is to explain the process of involvement and evaluation of its influence according to which the parental and educational practice (Nokali, N., bachman, H. and Drzal, E., 2010). The parent involvement model comprises of five main levels. The first level of the model deals with the decision of the basic involvement of the parents and this decision is governed by the role construction of the parents, their sense of efficacy in helping the child, the invitations for the involvement by the school and the child invitations for involvement. The second level of the model deals with the parents choice of involvement forms and this is influenced by many factors like the skills and knowledge of the parents, other demands on the time and energy of the parents and the specific invitations from the school and the child. The third level of the model deals with the mechanisms that are used for parents involvement on childs school outcomes. There are three major methods that can be used- modeling, instruction and reinforcement. The fourth level of the model describes the tempering or the mediating variables like the parents use of the strategies that are developmentally app ropriate and the balance between the involvement of the parents and the expectations of the school. The last level of the model deals with the outcomes for the students including the knowledge and skills and self efficacy for the success of school. Another component of the model is the sociological factor that influences the family school interactions and the use of this component to provide a psychological perspective on the parents who participate in the schooling of their children. The second level of the model accepted that once a choice to end up included had been made, logical variables (e.g., time and vitality, observations of particular welcomes for inclusion from the kid and the tyke's instructor) affected folks' decision of inclusion structures. Level 3 of the model recognized systems of parental inclusion's impact (i.e., demonstrating, fortification, and guideline) on the other hand the particular means by which folks influence kids' school results. Level 4 guessed that these systems are compelling to the degree that there is a "decency of fit" between the folks' activities and (1) the youngster's formative requirements and (2) the school's desires for inclusion. The model climaxed in a fifth level, understudy results (i.e., abilities and information, sufficiency toward oneself for school achievement). Built thusly, the model was a hypothetical "guide" that associated existing collections of information and made parkways for building new information. The parental involvement can be of many types. Parenting is one of the kinds. It helps the families to establish and maintain the environment resembling home and therefore help in supporting the children as students. The next type is communicating with the children on school as well home level. This helps the parents in knowing the development of their children and helps them access the academic progress of the child. Volunteering is another type that ensures that the parents participate in the discussions, meetings and other recruitments that involve the talk on their childrens development. Next type is the learning at home type of involvement in which the parents are guided on how to involve themselves with the students/ children at home. This can be done in form of engaging or helping the children with their homework or other co curricular activities or decisions. The next type is the decision making approach for involving the parents. This helps in including the parents and allow ing them to participate in the decisions of the school, either by electing or appointing parent leaders or by electing representatives of the same. The last type of involvement is the collaborating with the community type. This type deals with the process of integration of resources and the services from the community that can be used to strengthen the programs by the school, the family practices and the learning and development of the students. The families that are culturally different and are diverse in their attitude and behaviour, have difference in involvement in the education. For an instance, children of poor farm workers generally face failure of school due to numerous risk factors that hamper their chances of receiving education. Certain factors like educational ideologies, social inequalities, educational structures and the interactions that are interpersonal influence the educational outcomes of the migrant children. The model that is being developed here aims to promote equal and positive outcomes fro the culturally diverse children as well by means of family intervention programs which are based upon the understanding, respect and appreciation for the dynamics, beliefs and values of the diverse families. Some of the strategies that have been incorporated are bilingual community liaisons, transportation, weekend as well as evening activities, provision of care of the child, refreshment for the school based activ ities, designing of a curriculum that reflects the values, culture, experiences, interests and the concerns of the migrant families, flexibility in the instructional programming, organized and co ordinate second chance opportunities for the training and education (Anderson, K. Minke, K., 2010). In order to commit to a high quality early childhood education with the help of involvement of th e parents it is important to strengthen the family approach. It is essential to provide quality care and education through the practices that are developmentally appropriate. For an instance, it is easier to communicate about the difficult issues in the family if the teacher-family relationship is good. The approach of reciprocal relationships is also a well served approach for the same purpose (Patall, E., Cooper, H. and Robinson, J., 2008). During early childhood if the early childhood professionals are able to develop good relationships with the family, they are in better position to understand the positives and the family stress. Eventually, they can offer appropriate information and provide their support more effectively. The development of this reciprocal relationship would mean that the parents are capable of recognizing the signs of abuse and also identifying the situations that may put their children at the risk and consequently aim for providing proper support to their families. The approach also helps the parents in understanding and responding to their childrens challenging behavior and building on the strengths of the families and the children (Olson, M., 2007). For the parents who actively get involved in the school of their children, there are many benefits along with the benefit of positive student outcome. But parents living under the poverty zone are less likely to participate in the events of the school or in their childs education. Such parents need to run errands, catch up on their sleep or care for their other small children or even care for the elderly parents (Vesler Orozco, 2007). Even th upbringing of the parents and the level of education that they have received determines how confident they are in participating in the education and academics of their children. The problem of poverty even affects the children as these children may fail or develop educational delays or not be able to graduate or may have lower marks or aggregate percentages, higher rates of absenteeism or tardiness or even dropping out of the school. Another barrier to this model is the attitude and habits of the parents (Green et al., 2007). Parents who are th e victims of drug or alcohol abuse often become the cause of academic failure of their children. Another barrier is the barrier of the language. English, being the base language, is used as the medium of communication in most of the educational institutions. But some parents may not be able to speak fluent English and this hampers their active participation and involvement (Nokali, N., bachman, H. and Drzal, E., 2010). Notwithstanding the dialect hindrance, a few folks' societies energize them not be ended up excessively included in school what's more feel to do as such is impolite (Velsor Orozco, 2007). There may be social issues that clash with clothing regulation limitations. Social issues might likewise keep families from partaking in occasion exercises focused around family values and convictions. Now and again, there may be folks who see the school as a threatening situation and feel that they are victimized by school staff, in this manner staying away from the school (Velsor Orozco, 2007). There are various strategies to overcome the communication or language barriers that prevent the successful implementation of this model. The communication system- two way, can be implemented using a home to school and school to home network. The flow of communication can be ensured by keeping the contact of the parents up to date. The regular use of the school and classroom newsletter should be encouraged so as to ensure that information is conveyed to all the parents. Encouragement and setting up of group meetings with the therapists, techers, counsellers, parents, administrators and the teachers should be made. The special visitors can conduct home visits and perform the administration related work whenever necessary. Ofcourse, by implementation of such measure and many more the language barrier can be eliminated from this model, but motivation and encouragement of the parents to actively participate in the developmental framework of their children, should be the major focus of th e model (Hornby, G. and Lafaele, R., 2011). References Anderson, K. Minke, K. (2010). Parent Involvement in Education: Toward an Understanding of Parents' Decision Making. The Journal of Educational Research, 100(5):311-323. Green, C L., Walker, Joan M., Hoover-Dempsey, K. Sandler, H. (2007). Parents' motivations for involvement in children's education: An empirical test of a theoretical model of parental involvement. Journal of Educational Psychology, 99(3): 532-544. Hoover-Dempsey, K. and Sandler, H. (2009). Parental involvement in Childrens education: Why does it make a difference? Parental involvement, 311-322. Hornby, G. and Lafaele, R. (2011). Barriers to parental involvement in education : an explanatory model. Educational review, 63(1): 37-52. Kernan, M. (2012). Parental involvement in early learning. Internationa Child Development Initiatives (ICDI). Nokali, N., bachman, H. and Drzal, E. (2010). Parent Involvement and Children's Academic and Social Development in Elementary School. Child Dev Author manuscript, 81(3):988-1005. Olson, M. (2007). Strengthening families- Community Strategies that work. The Doris Duke Charitable Foundation. Patall, E., Cooper, H. and Robinson, J. (2008). Parent involvement in homework: A research synthesis, 78(4): 1039-1101. Waanders, C., Mendez, J. and Downer, J. (2007). Parent characteristics, economic stress and neighborhood context as predictors of parent involvement in preschool children's education. Journal of School psychology, 45(6): 619-636. Velsor, P., Orozco, G. (2007). Involving low-income parents in the schools: Community centric strategies for school counselors. Professional School Counseling, Jl(1), 17-24.

The Mongols Under Genghis Khan Essay Example For Students

The Mongols Under Genghis Khan Essay From the high, windswept Gobi came one of historys most famous warriors. He was a Mongolian nomad known as Genghis Khan. With his fierce, hard-riding nomad horde, he conquered a huge empire that stretched through Asia from the Yellow Sea to the Black Sea. Genghis Khan was born on the Gobi, in a yurt, or felt tent, on a bank of the Onon River in northern Mongolia. His father, Yesukai, was the chief of several desert tribes and had just slain a foe named Temujin. In triumph Yesukai named his newborn son Temujin. Yesukai died when Temujin was about 13 years old. The boy succeeded him, but the fierce, restless nomads would not obey so young a chieftain. The chief of another tribe proclaimed himself leader of the Mongols and captured Temujin. Guards forced Temujin into a kang, a wooden yoke that shackled his shoulders and wrists. In the dark he slowly twisted himself to reach above a guard and smashed the kang down on his head. Then Temujin ra Temujins bold courage and resourcefulness began to win followers. When he reached manhood, he conquered the Tatars and added them to his tribes. In 1203 he defeated the Keraits. Seizing their cities of mud and stone, he made Karakorum his capital. We will write a custom essay on The Mongols Under Genghis Khan specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now In 1206 a council of his tribes named him Genghis Khan. It means greatest of rulers, emperor of all men. Genghis Khan then put all his Mongolian realm under Yassa, a body of laws he assembled from various tribal codes. These laws demanded obedience to Genghis Khan, unity of the tribes, and pitiless punishment of wrongdoers. Through Yassa, Genghis Khan achieved the discipline that welded his wild tribesmen into merciless, successful armies. On his march of conquest Genghis Khan overran North China from 1208 to 1215. Wheeling westward, his horde conquered Turkestan. Then his armies engulfed neighboring countries, even part of India. In 1222 the Mongols struck into Europe at the Don River. After defeating the Russians, they pushed to the Dnepr. Victorious, Genghis Khan returned eastward. At his death his empire passed to his sons. ced to the river and escaped by hiding in water up to his chin.

Writing a Sample Detailed Essay Outline

Writing a Sample Detailed Essay OutlineThere are many people who are really good at writing and perfect for writing these samples, however there are also some who are good at writing but do not have a good idea of how to write a sample descriptive essay outline. In order to write a good sample of a sample, it is necessary to read many samples and to analyze them closely.You can make use of the internet to get samples of samples and of course there are many different sample essay outlines on the internet. These samples are very useful for those who want to write and check out how they would like to write an essay.A sample is like a template that allows you to use a lot of words and phrases without writing all over it. This will help you get a feel of how you would like to write a sample for your sample document.It is important that you have a lot of ideas about how you would like to write a sample because if you do not, you will end up writing a lot of words and phrases. Also, you wil l end up repeating a lot of what you have already written in your sample. If you get more ideas, you will get a better idea of how you would like to write the sample.For example, if you have an example about something that you want to talk about, you will need to know how you would want to talk about it. You have to be aware of this fact and of course you have to be able to write a sample of it.Once you have determined what you want to talk about in the sample, you have to have a basic idea of how you would like to talk about it. Then you will have to find the words or phrases that would best capture the essence of your sample.These are some tips for you if you have decided to write a sampleor for that matter any sample that you want to write. It is good to analyze the sample and to write a sample that is easy to read.

Some questions with answers managerial economics

Some questions with answers managerial economics Managerial EconomicsQ.1.0) For each of the following events, assume that either the supply curve or the demand curve (not both shifted). Explain which curve shifted and indicate the direction of the shift.a.From 1950 to 1979 the wages paid to fruit pickers increased while the number of fruit pickers employed decreased.b.During the same period the price of radio sets declined, while the number of radio sets purchased increased.c.Housing prices are rising but more houses are sold.d.Australian Airlines reduces its average plane fare by 30 percent in order to attract more customers.Ans.a) In this case the number of the fruit pickers has decreased while the wages of the fruit pickers has increased. Thus, the demand has not changed. The supply of the fruit pickers has decreased, hence, the fruit pickers supply has shifted to the left.b) In this case the price of the radio sets declined while the number of radio sets purchased increased.Perfectly elastic demandThis means the demand has incr eased. The demand curve has shifted to the right.c) In this case the housing prices are rising but more houses were sold. The demand of the houses has increased. The demand curve has moved to the right.d) In this the Australian Airlines reduces its average plane fare by 30 percent in order to attract more customers. The aim here is increase the revenue in the future. The supply is been increased to accommodate the increasing customers. The supply curve is moved to the right.Q.2.0) Explain the meaning of elasticity? What are the different types of elasticities? What are the factors that affect each type of elasticity? Of what use are these elasticities to business?Ans.Elasticity is a measure of the responsiveness of one variable to changes in...

General Rules About Abbreviations

General Rules About Abbreviations General Rules About Abbreviations General Rules About Abbreviations By Mark Nichol This post outlines basic rules about abbreviations. There is a bewildering variety of standards, which will be explained in more detail in subsequent posts about specific categories of abbreviation, but the following guidelines cover an array of general types. Use of abbreviation varies widely depending on the formality of writing employed for a given publication or a piece of content. Generally, the more formal the content, the less likely it is that abbreviation will be used, except in multiple references to terms commonly abbreviated or in tabular matter and other graphic elements. In formal writing, journalistic contexts, and some informal content as well, terms are spelled out on first reference, followed by abbreviation in parentheses, as in â€Å"The Global Positioning System (GPS) uses satellite signals to fix the location of a radio receiver on or above the earth’s surface.† Thereafter, the abbreviation is used exclusively. However, this tradition applies to single pieces of content, so that- unless, for example, an entire publication is devoted to articles about GPS technology- two articles in a publication that mention it will independently introduce the full spelled-out version of an abbreviation on first reference. Note, too, that specialized publications will likely abbreviate all references to widely used terms in that specialty. Abbreviations consisting entirely of uppercase letters (including NY, US, FBI, and NASA) or that end with an uppercase letter (as in PhD) are not followed by a period; some publications retain periods in these types of abbreviations (at least two-letter ones), but that style is in decline. Abbreviations that end with a lowercase letter (a.m., Dr., i.e., etc.) are generally followed by a period. Acronyms (abbreviations of phrases using initial letters of each word to form new word, such as AIDS) are almost invariably styled in all capital letters, though some, such as laser and scuba, have lost their uppercase form, and Nasdaq is treated as a proper noun. Initialisms (abbreviations of phrases using initial letters of each word, each of which is pronounced, such as FBI) are also generally capitalized. When using an article before an abbreviation, choose a or an depending on the first sound, not the first letter, of the abbreviation: â€Å"an NBA [en-bee-ay] team† but â€Å"a NASA [nasa] program.† Avoid ampersands except in proper names (â€Å"Johnson Johnson†) and in widely known abbreviations (â€Å"RD,† for â€Å"research and development†). Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Passed vs Past40 Synonyms for â€Å"Lie†50 Tips on How to Write Good

The Dim Lighting Company Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Dim Lighting Company - Coursework Example 2. The second macroeconomic issue is the recent poor performance of the Dim Lighting Company subsidiary that Jim West manages that is the subject of this case. â€Å"last year the division failed to realize its operating targets, and profit margins dropped by 15 percent.† West is not mistaken to believe that this might affect his future with the company. More importantly and more to the point it is a problem for the corporate parent and would be a problem for any manager in any industry. Interestingly, the microeconomic problems confronting the subsidiary are relatively independent of the macroeconomic issues and focus on human resources issues. In a nutshell, both Jim West and Robert Spinks are small-minded and self-centered. They both need an attitude adjustment. 1. Jim West is not illogical when he worries that his career with the Dim Lighting Company is not affected positively by his subsidiary's poor performance. However, there is nothing personal about that situation. His job is to manage a profitable subsidiary and if it is not doing so he needs to be looking for solutions not obsessing over his personal fortunes. 2. Robert Spinks â€Å"is recognized as a talented scientist.† His staff is motivated by his scientific abilities and relevant professional organizations have recognized his abilities and achievements. However, that brilliance clearly does not translate into social intelligence. He left his former job over interpersonal-related issues and is regarded as â€Å"autocratic, strong-willed, and impatient† by other Dim Lighting Company managers. 2. The rapid changes in lighting technology are reflective of the overall emergence of the new Green economy. For economic reasons and the emergence of sustainability as a key corporate goal economy-wide are making energy efficiency in all industries essential. That is driving the demand for energy efficient solutions in all elements of the economy.